UppInt A: Perfect Tenses

PERFECT TENSES  (SIMPLE + CONTINUOUS/PROGRESSIVE)

 USE: To talk about two points in time & their relationship to each other

A) linked to a later event                          B) finished by a certain time

PRESENT PERFECT (PAST+ PRESENT) (HAS/HAVE + P.P.) 

1. Started in the past + continues till now (unfinished) 

I have been living in Vancouver for 6 months.

I’ve known him since 1997.

2. Non-specific past (finished)

Have you ever been to a Korean restaurant?

She’s lived in over 7 countries.

       
 *Often used with never/ever for added emphasis.  I’ve never eaten dog before.
 *Do not use with a specific time e.g. yesterday/last week (use simple past)

3. Recent past has a result on the present (finished)

What have you done to your hair?

I’ve lost my passport.

Obama has been elected.

*Often used when reporting news to make news more EXCITING! RELEVANT! CURRENT!

*Often used with these words Just/already/yet:         I’ve just finished.

                                                                                   I’ve already finished.  

                                                                                  I haven’t spoken to her yet.

PAST PERFECT (PAST + PAST) (HAD + P.P.): completed before another action in the past 

*use only if it is important to compare/order events in the past

Sam had taken off when Ann got there.

Before coming to Vancouver, I had not heard of Stanley Park.

She wanted to go to the aquarium but we’d already been there.

*When before/after is used in a sentence, the past perfect is often not necessary because the time relationship is clear and simple past may be used

SAME:             After the guests had left, I went to bed.

After the guests left, I went to bed.

*Other grammar areas which use the past perfect structure

Reported speech: He told me he had eaten dinner already.

3^rd Conditional (Unreal past): If I had known, I wouldn’t have gotten takeout.

           "Wish": (Regret) I wish I had gone to the party. 

FUTURE PERFECT (FUTURE+FUTURE)( WILL HAVE + P.P.) : Will be completed at a certain point in the future

*Use with By: By that time, by this time next week, by the end of 2013, By the end of the day etc.

By June, I will have graduated from university.

By the end of August, I will have been living in Vancouver for 2 months.

***FOR/SINCE: often used with perfect tenses 

I’ve been a university grad since 2010. (Emphasizes duration)

I’ve been a university grad for 2 years. (Emphasize beginning/start)

Bus. Eng: Whiny Pony

The difference between COMPLAINING and WHINING....

UppInt A: Verb/Adjective Preposition Collocations

Preposition Collocations with BE (Adjectives + Preposition):
http://free-english-study.com/grammar/preposition-collocations-with-be.html
 http://www.eslgold.com/grammar/preposition_collocations_be.html

Verb + Preposition Collocations: 
http://www.eslgold.com/grammar/verb_preposition_collocations.html

UppInt A: REMEMBER vs. REMIND

 

 REMEMBER + GERUND = You remember someone or something from a time in the past (memory)

I remember playing there when I was little.  
Hello, do you remember me? 


REMEMBER + INFINITIVE = You also remember information or things that you must do (obligation)

              
We must remember to close that window. 
Did you remember to lock the door?

 REMIND + S.O + INFINITIVE/ REMIND + S.O + THAT CLAUSE
 = You remind someone about something when you tell them to remember it

Remind me to call Kim tomorrow.  
Thomas reminded us that Dad was still waiting. 



 REMIND S.O OF S.O ELSE/S.T=  If something or someone reminds you of a person or thing, they make you think of them because they are similar  

Being on the farm reminded me of my childhood.  
She reminds me of my first girlfriend.!! 


REMIND ONESELF OF S.T = You can remind yourself of something, but you cannot remember yourself of something

 I reminded myself of my promise.
 He remembered his promise (NOT He remembered him/himself (of) his promise).

Birds Attack!

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-north-east-orkney-shetland-18646653

UppInt A: COULD Explanation

An extension of what we briefly discussed in class today...

COULD/COULDN'T

(+) = affirmative  (-) = negative   (1) = specific one time ability  (+1) = general past ability

  -use COULD (+) /COULDN'T (-) to express ability in the past
 - was able to = could

When I was young, I could play tennis very well. (+) (+1)

(When I was young, I was able to play tennis very well.) (+)(+1)

She could read when she was four. (+)(+1)

(She was able to read when she was four.) (+)(+1)

*COULD is not used when we want to say somebody did something one time (expressing a fulfilled ability (+) on one particular occasion (1)). Instead, we use: was/were able to, manage to (implied difficulty), succeed in (implied difficulty/more formal)

    How many slices of pizza could you eat?

Instead use: How many slices of pizzas were you able to eat? (+)(1)

 OR      How many slices of pizza did you manage to eat?  (+)(1)

             OR     How many slices of pizza did you succeed in eating?   (+)(1)

**But, we can use the negative couldn’t to say that something did not happen (-) on one occasion (1)

            I couldn’t go to the concert yesterday because I was busy. (-) (1)

            He couldn’t find her house.   (-) (1)

***Exception to this rule: with verbs of perception/senses and thinking, we can use COULD for (+) and (1)
 
OK                I could smell burning  (+) (1)
OK                We could understand her feelings.  (+) (1)


In conclusion, before you use COULD, think about.. is the sentence affirmative/positive (+) and is the sentence about a specific one time event (1)? If the answer is YES to both of these factors then you can't use COULD

USES OF COULD EXPLANATION + EXERCISES
http://www.englishpage.com/modals/could.html

INT F: The Amazing CANADIAN dish!

Have you tried awesome CANADIAN poutine?
http://vancouverfoodster.com/2012/04/10/vancouver-foodster-poutine-challenge/



The history of poutine...
http://www.fritzeuropeanfryhouse.com/poutine.html

Bus. Eng: 15 Mins of Fame

"In the future, everyone will be world-famous for 15 minutes."  - Andy Warhol

These days, it's really common to hear conversations that begin with... "Have you seen that Youtube video...?"  In class today, I brought up the topic of viral videos in relation to word of mouth promotion/advertising. Viral videos get passed from one person to another through Internet sharing. When something "goes viral", this refers to an Internet video getting the special "status" of being seen by a vast number of people quickly. This has also led to creating many overnight Internet celebrities/sensations getting their "15 mins of fame."

Here are some really famous videos that have made their way around the Internet and have spread like a virus. So next time somebody sings the 'Friday' song or talks about 'sneezing panda' you will be "with it" and not be lost in the conversation.
 

Some viral videos to check out!

SNEEZING PANDA

CHARLIE BIT MY FINGER
 

REBECCA BLACK- FRIDAY

KONY 2012 (The most viral video in history- 91, 569,875 views on Youtube)

WAVING BEAR

CHRIS BROWN- FOREVER WEDDING ENTRANCE

WATERMELON LAUNCH (THE AMAZING RACE)

Vancouver Folk Music Festival July 13-15

 http://thefestival.bc.ca/

Follow what is happening in Vancity!

 
 http://vancouverisawesome.com/

" Inside Vancouver is a multi-author Vancouver blog, written by Vancouverites about Vancouver. Our goal is to give an insider’s view of Vancouver, to provide information, stories and opinions from the locals’ perspective about this great city. Browse our blog, read about some of our favourite Vancouver hangouts, and maybe learn something new or discover a hidden gem. Thanks for stopping by and welcome to Vancouver!"

http://www.insidevancouver.ca/

Phrasal Verb: TAKE

What do a plane, saying goodbye, clothes and a business have in common?

They can all use the phrasal verb:  

TO TAKE (S.T) OFF

1- to take. s.t. (+ clothing) off (transitive): Used to talk about removing any article of clothing

"It's way too hot in here, I'm taking off my jacket."

"Please take off your shoes when you come inside!"

3. to take s.t. (+ time expression) off (transitive): Holiday from work

"I'm taking 2 weeks off and going to Hawaii." 

"I don't feel well, so I'm going to take the afternoon off."  

2- to take off (intransitive): used when a plane departs from a runway. opposite= to land

"The plane takes off at 3 tomorrow."

"When flying, do you prefer take-off or landing?"

3- to take off (intransitive): to become successful very quickly and suddenly, for example used with a career or business

"He only started his business last year and it has already taken off."

"In 2008, Lady Gaga's career really took off."

4- to take off (intransitive): to leave

"I'm taking off now, see ya!"

"He took off about 10 mins ago."

TO TAKE S.T OUT
 

1-to withdraw/get money from the bank/an ATM

"I have no cash left, I need to take some money out"

2-to borrow books from the library

"Last week, I took out 6 books from the library."

"The maximum number of books you can take out is 25."

3-to carry s.t. with you from inside to outside (e.g. remove the garbage from your house)

"Mom told us to take the garbage out."

4-In general, to remove an item from a place that can't be seen and bring it out to view where it can be seen

 "Please take your homework out."

"He took money out of his wallet."

5- to destroy (informal)
"The bomb took out half of the building."

TO TAKE S.T. OUT ON S.O: to treat someone badly when you are angry or upset, even though it is not their fault

"Don't take your anger out on me!"  
 

TO TAKE S.O OUT
1- to invite s.o. to go out
"I'm taking my parents out tonight for dinner."
"I took my girlfriend out to a concert last night."

2-to kill s.o. (informal)
"The police were ordered to take the man out."

TO TAKE S.T UP:

1-to become interested in a new activity/hobby and to spend time doing it:

"John took up golf, but he gave up pretty quickly." 

2- to continue a story or activity that you or someone else had begun, after a short break:

"We're out of time, so we'll take/pick this up again tomorrow."   Also: pick s.t. up

TO TAKE S.O UP ON S.T: to accept an invitation or suggestion

 "I'll take you up on that offer of a drink next week!" 

TO TAKE AFTER S.O: To look like or have the same behaviour/personality as an older relative

"She really takes after her mother, they have the same eyes and long blond hair."

"My son doesn't take after me at all. We don't share any of the same interests."

TO TAKE S.T. BACK:

1-to return something to the store for a refund

"I've changed my mind, I'm going to take this sweater back tomorrow." 

2- to admit that you were wrong to say something
"I'm so sorry, I take my comment back. I didn't mean it like that."

TO TAKE S.O BACK:  to forgive your ex-boy/girl friend and reconcile (get back together)

"Please James, take me back! I'm sooo sorry!"

"Don't take her back James, she cheated on you! Once a cheater, always a cheater!"

UppInt A: Collocations

Collocations are words that are "friends" and belong together. They are often used together and sometimes it's hard to explain why it is so, except that it sounds "right" and it is widely used. To sound more natural and to enrich your vocabulary, you need to understand which words can come together and which words cannot. When you learn them, it is probably best to learn them in "chunks" as a group, rather than separate them. There are many categories of collocations:

Some of the most common types are:               (From http://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/collocations.htm)

• Adverb + Adjective: completely satisfied (NOT downright satisfied)
• Adjective + Noun: excruciating pain (NOT excruciating joy)
• Noun + Noun: a surge of anger (NOT a rush of anger)
• Noun + Verb: lions roar (NOT lions shout)
• Verb + Noun: commit suicide (NOT undertake suicide)
• Verb + Expression With Preposition: burst into tears (NOT blow up in tears)
• Verb + Adverb: wave frantically (NOT wave feverishly) 

    
http://esl.about.com/od/engilshvocabulary/a/collocations.htm
http://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/collocations.htm
http://www.recitfga.qc.ca/English/activities/vocabularypower3.asp#colloc

UppInt A: Adjective + Preposition Collocations

1. with
2. on
3. to
4. for
5. of
6. to
7. about/for
8. for
9. about
10. with
11. of
12. from
13. with
14. about
15. of
16.at/at
17. to
18. to
19. about
20. about
21. by
22.for/on
23.of
24. from
25. about
26. for
27.of
28. with
29. to
30, from
21. about
32. for
33. by
34. about
35. at/about
36. in
37. about
38. about
39. about
40. of
41. for
42. for/about
43. for